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C++ Structure and Function

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The relation of structure and function in C++ is that just like any other argument passed in a function, a structure can also be passed.

Passing structure to function in C++

We can pass and access the structure to function as an argument in a program. It is similar to the way we pass a normal argument to a function. And it is also returned from a function just like any other argument.

Let us understand through an example.

#include<iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

struct Student
{
    char name[50];
    int roll;
};

void display(struct Student s); // Function declaration

int main()
{
    struct Student s;

    strcpy(s.name, "John Mathers");
    s.roll = 32;

    display(s);
    return 0;
}
void display(struct Student s)
{
    cout << "Person Name: " << s.name<<endl;
    cout << "Person Roll: " << s.roll;
}

Output:

Person Name: John Mathers
Person Roll: 32

Returning structure from function in C++

#include<iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

struct Student
{
   char name[50];
   int roll;
};

// Function declaration
Student returnInfo(Student);
void display(struct Student s); 

int main()
{
   Student s;

   s = returnInfo(s);
   display(s);
   return 0;
}

Student returnInfo(Student s)
{
   strcpy(s.name, "John Mathers");
   s.roll = 32;
	
   return s;
}

void display(Student s)
{
   cout << "Person Name: " << s.name<<endl;
   cout << "Person Roll: " << s.roll;
}

The output of this program is the same as the output of the above program.

In this program, the structure variable s stores the returned value from returnInfo() function where value is provided to structure members (s = returnInfo(s);).

After that, the s is passed to display() function where the information os student is displayed.

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