The relation of structure and function in C++ is that just like any other argument passed in a function, a structure can also be passed.
Passing structure to function in C++
We can pass and access the structure to function as an argument in a program. It is similar to the way we pass a normal argument to a function. And it is also returned from a function just like any other argument.
Let us understand through an example.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | #include<iostream> #include <cstring> using namespace std; struct Student { char name[50]; int roll; }; void display(struct Student s); // Function declaration int main() { struct Student s; strcpy(s.name, "John Mathers"); s.roll = 32; display(s); return 0; } void display(struct Student s) { cout << "Person Name: " << s.name<<endl; cout << "Person Roll: " << s.roll; } |
Output:
Person Name: John Mathers
Person Roll: 32
Returning structure from function in C++
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | #include<iostream> #include <cstring> using namespace std; struct Student { char name[50]; int roll; }; // Function declaration Student returnInfo(Student); void display(struct Student s); int main() { Student s; s = returnInfo(s); display(s); return 0; } Student returnInfo(Student s) { strcpy(s.name, "John Mathers"); s.roll = 32; return s; } void display(Student s) { cout << "Person Name: " << s.name<<endl; cout << "Person Roll: " << s.roll; } |
The output of this program is the same as the output of the above program.
In this program, the structure variable s stores the returned value from returnInfo() function where value is provided to structure members (s = returnInfo(s);).
After that, the s is passed to display() function where the information os student is displayed.