C – Operator precedence and Associativity1 min read

What are Precedence and Associativity?

Precedence and Associativity are the rules that are used to determine the operators with the highest priority in evaluating an equation that contains different operations.

For example: x = 10 + 5 * 2;

In this example, x is assigned as 20, not 30 that’s because operator * has higher precedence than +, and hence it first gets multiplied (5*2), and then the result is added to 10.


Lists operator precedence and associativity in C

OperatorMeaning of operatorAssociativity
()
[]
->
.
Functional call
Array element reference
Indirect member selection
Direct member selection
Left to right
!
~
+

++

&
*
sizeof (type)
Logical negation
Bitwise(1 ‘s) complement
Unary plus
Unary minus
Increment
Decrement
Dereference Operator(Address)
Pointer reference
Returns the size of an object
Type cast(conversion)
Right to left
*
/
%
Multiply
Divide
Remainder
Left to right
+
Binary plus(Addition)
Binary minus(subtraction)
Left to right
<<
>>
Left shift
Right shift
Left to right
<
<=
>
>=
Less than
Less than or equal
Greater than
Greater than or equal
Left to right
==
!=
Equal to
Not equal to
Left to right
&Bitwise ANDLeft to right
^Bitwise exclusive ORLeft to right
|Bitwise ORLeft to right
&&Logical ANDLeft to right
||Logical ORLeft to right
?:Conditional OperatorRight to left
=
*=
/=
%=
-=
&=
^=
|=
<<=
>>=
Simple assignment
Assign product
Assign quotient
Assign remainder
Assign sum
Assign difference
Assign bitwise AND
Assign bitwise XOR
Assign bitwise OR
Assign left shift
Assign right shift
Right to left
,Separator of expressionsLeft to right

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