Constants
From the name constant, we can say that these are fix values that are used in a program and its values remain the same during the entire execution of the program. These fixed values in C are also called Literals.
These constants may be any of the data-types present in C such as integer constant, a floating constant, a character constant, or a string literal, etc.
Keyword const is used to define the constants in C.
Syntax:
1 | <strong><em><code>const data-type variable = value;</code></em></strong> |
Example to show the use of constant in C Programming.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | #include <stdio.h> int main() { const int LENGTH = 5; const int BREADTH= 6; int rectangleArea; rectangleArea = LENGTH * BREADTH; printf("Area of a Rectangle: %d", rectangleArea); return 0; } |
After executing the following code, the output is:
1 | Area of a Rectangle: 30 |
Following table represent the constant types with example:
| constant type | data type(Example) |
|---|---|
| integer constant | int (45, 657, -845 etc ) unsigned int (4000u, 2000U etc) long int, long long int (483, 6472,147,483,680) |
| floating constant | float (60.36246) double (900.12345678) |
| character constant | char (Eg: ‘x’, ‘y’, ‘z’) |
| string literal | char (Eg: “XYZ”, “Hey”) |